Tharman Shanmugaratnam has been Senior Minister in Singapore since 2019, after serving for eight years as Deputy Prime Minister and several years as Finance Minister. He is, concurrently, Chairman of the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Tharman co-chaired the G20 High Level Independent Panel in 2021 that recommended major steps to strengthen global preparedness for pandemics. He earlier chaired the G20 Eminent Persons Group on Global Financial Governance which in Oct 2018 proposed reforms for a more effective system of finance for development, sustainability, and financial stability. Tharman currently co-chairs the Global Commission on the Economics of Water whose recommendations will be considered at the UN Water Conference in 2023 (the first since 1977). He is also on the High-Level Advisory Board on Effective Multilateralism established by the UN Secretary-General, that will make recommendations for the UN’s 2023 Summit of the Future. Tharman also chairs the Group of Thirty, an independent global council of economic and financial leaders from the public and private sectors and academia. In addition, he currently co-chairs the Global Education Forum, and the Advisory Board for the UN’s Human Development Report. He chaired the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC) for four years, from 2011 – 2014; he was its first Asian chair.