Since the start of the pandemic, long shipping delays and rising freight rates have pushed many corporations to consider prioritizing secure access over cost through relocation of their manufacturing activities. Meanwhile, the incentives for bringing manufacturing back to North America have also been influenced by new trade rules under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). This session will evaluate the future of manufacturing and trade on the North American continent. Which industries are best prepared to improve supply chain resilience through on-shoring or near-shoring? Are additional policy reforms needed to guarantee stable cross-border supply chains? And how are these developments likely to affect employment and inflation?